International Journal of Cardiovascular Research & Innovation

ABSTRACT

Hypertension, a widespread global health concern affecting a staggering 1.28 billion adults, poses a significant challenge due to its silent nature and inadequate management rates. This article provides an evidence-based approach to common pharmacotherapies for essential hypertension, analyzing their efficacy and safety. We will explore guidelines on target blood pressure goals and discuss first-line agents such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), thiazide diuretics, and beta-blockers. The review highlights emerging evidence on combination therapies and addresses adverse effects. The objective of this comprehensive overview is to provide guidance for clinical decision-making and enhance patient outcomes.

Article History

Received 18 September 2023; Revised 19 December 2023; Accepted 26 December 2023

KEYWORDS

1. Hypertension
2. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
3. Calcium channel blockers
4. Thiazide diuretics
5. Beta-blockers
6. Spironolactone